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Leclanché cell
The Leclanché cell is a battery invented and patented by the French scientist Georges Leclanché in 1866. The battery contained a conducting solution (electrolyte) of ammonium chloride, a cathode (positive terminal) of carbon, a depolarizer of manganese dioxide, and an anode (negative terminal) of zinc. The chemistry of this cell was later successfully adapted to manufacture dry cells.
== History ==
In 1866, Gorges Leclanché invented a battery that consisted of a zinc anode and a manganese dioxide cathode wrapped in a porous material, dipped in a jar of ammonium chloride solution. The manganese dioxide cathode had a little carbon mixed into it as well, which improved conductivity and absorption.〔(Zinc-Carbon Batteries, Molecular Expressions. Last accessed Jan 9, 2007 )〕 It provided a voltage of 1.4 volts.〔The Boy Electrician by J.W. Simms M.I.E.E. (Page 61)〕 This cell achieved very quick success in telegraphy, signalling and electric bell work.
The dry cell form was used to power early telephones—usually from an adjacent wooden box affixed to the wall—before telephones could draw power from the telephone line itself. The Leclanché cell could not provide a sustained current for very long. In lengthy conversations, the battery would run down, rendering the conversation inaudible.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Leclanché Cell )〕 This was because certain chemical reactions in the cell increased the internal resistance and, thus, lowered the voltage. These reactions reversed themselves when the battery was left idle, so it was good only for intermittent use.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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